Littattafan Bincike na Analytics na Tafiya

Inoue K, et al. (2023)

"Association of Daily Step Patterns With Mortality in US Adults"

JAMA Network Open 2023;6(3):e235174

Bincike kan mutane 4,840 na Amurka ya nuna cewa matakai 8,000-9,000/rana a cikin manyan mutane yana rage mace-mace. Fa'idodin suna tsayawa bayan wannan kima, yana nuna cewa ƙarin matakai ba koyaushe ke da ƙarin fa'ida ba.

Lee I-M, et al. (2019)

"Association of Step Volume and Intensity With All-Cause Mortality in Older Women"

JAMA Internal Medicine 2019;179(8):1105-1112

Bincike kan mata 16,741 masu girma (matsakaicin shekaru 72) ya nuna raguwar mace-mace tare da matakai ≥4,400/rana, tare da fa'idodin da suka tsaya a kusa da matakai 7,500/rana. Ya kafa shaida cewa "ƙari ba koyaushe ya fi kyau ba."

Ding D, et al. (2025)

"Steps per day and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis"

The Lancet Public Health 2025 (online ahead of print)

Bincike mai zurfi na meta-analysis yana ba da dangantakar adadin matakai na yau da kullun da sakamakon lafiya a tsakanin al'ummomin duniya daban-daban.

Del Pozo-Cruz B, et al. (2022)

"Association of Daily Step Count and Intensity With Incident Morbidity and Mortality Among Adults"

JAMA Internal Medicine 2022;182(11):1139-1148

Bincike kan mutane 78,500 na Burtaniya ya gabatar da ma'aunin Peak-30 cadence. Ya gano cewa duka jimlar matakai DA Peak-30 cadence suna da alaƙa da raguwar cututtuka da mace-mace. Peak-30 cadence na iya zama mafi mahimmanci fiye da jimlar matakai don sakamakon lafiya.

Master H, et al. (2022)

"Association of step counts over time with the risk of chronic disease in the All of Us Research Program"

Nature Medicine 2022;28:2301–2308

Bincike mai girma ya nuna cewa ci gaba da ƙidaya matakai a kan lokaci yana rage haɗarin cututtukan da ake fama da su tsawon lokaci kamar ciwon sukari, kiba, rashin iya barci, GERD, da baƙin ciki.

Del Pozo-Cruz B, et al. (2022)

"Association of Daily Step Count and Intensity With Incident Dementia in 78,430 Adults Living in the UK"

JAMA Neurology 2022;79(10):1059-1063

Matakai na yau da kullun da ƙarfin matakai duka suna da alaƙa da raguwar haɗarin cuta ta dementia. Mafi kyawun adadi shine matakai 9,800/rana, tare da ƙarin fa'idodi daga mafi girman cadence (tafiya mai sauri).

Tudor-Locke C, et al. (2019) — CADENCE-Adults Study

"Walking cadence (steps/min) and intensity in 21-40 year olds: CADENCE-adults"

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2019;16:8

Bincike mai mahimmanci ya kafa matakai 100/minti a matsayin iyakar ƙarfi matsakaici (3 METs) tare da 86% ƙarfin gano da 89.6% takamaiman a cikin mahalarta 76 'yan shekaru 21-40. Wannan binciken ya zama tushen sa ido kan ƙarfin tafiya ta hanyar cadence.

Tudor-Locke C, et al. (2020)

"Walking cadence (steps/min) and intensity in 41 to 60-year-old adults: the CADENCE-adults study"

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2020;17:137

Ya tabbatar da iyakar 100 spm don ƙarfi matsakaici a cikin manya masu matsakaicin shekaru (41-60). Ya kafa 130 spm a matsayin iyakar ƙarfi mai ƙarfi (6 METs).

Aguiar EJ, et al. (2021)

"Cadence (steps/min) and relative intensity in 21 to 60-year-olds: the CADENCE-adults study"

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2021;18:27

Meta-analysis yana tabbatar da cewa iyakokin cadence suna tsayawa a tsaye a tsakanin shekaru 21-85, yana tallafawa amfani na duniya na sa ido kan ƙarfi ta hanyar cadence.

Moore CC, et al. (2021)

"Development of a Cadence-based Metabolic Equation for Walking"

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 2021;53(1):165-173

Ya haɓaka ƙididdigewa mai sauƙi: METs = 0.0219 × cadence + 0.72. Wannan tsarin ya nuna daidaiton 23-35% fiye da ƙididdigan ACSM na al'ada, tare da inganci na ~0.5 METs a cikin saurin tafiya na al'ada.

Tudor-Locke C, et al. (2022)

"Cadence (steps/min) and intensity during ambulation in 6–20 year olds: the CADENCE-kids study"

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2022;19:1

Tushen bayani don binciken cadence-intensity a tsakanin ƙungiyoyin shekaru daban-daban, yana ba da cikakken tsarin fahimta.

American Heart Association (AHA)

"Target Heart Rates Chart"

Ma'auni na daidaitacce don horo na yankin bugun zuciya. Ƙarfi matsakaici = 50-70% mafi girman bugun zuciya; mai ƙarfi = 70-85% mafi girman bugun zuciya.

Studenski S, et al. (2011)

"Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults"

JAMA 2011;305(1):50-58

Bincike mai mahimmanci akan mutane 34,485 masu girma ya kafa saurin tafiya a matsayin mai annabta rayuwa. Sauri <0.8 m/s yana da alaƙa da mafi girman mace-mace; sauri >1.0 m/s yana nuna lafiya mai kyau. Saurin tafiya yanzu ana ɗaukarsa "alamar rayuwa mai mahimmanci" na lafiya a cikin manyan mutane.

Pamoukdjian F, et al. (2022)

"Gait speed and falls in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis"

BMC Geriatrics 2022;22:394

Bincike mai zurfi yana kafa dangantaka mai ƙarfi tsakanin jinkirin tafiya da ƙara haɗarin faɗuwa a cikin manyan mutane da ke zaune a cikin al'umma.

Verghese J, et al. (2023)

"Annual decline in gait speed and falls in older adults"

BMC Geriatrics 2023;23:290

Canje-canje na shekara-shekara a cikin saurin tafiya suna annabta haɗarin faɗuwa. Saka ido kan canje-canjen saurin tafiya na shekara-shekara yana ba da damar tsoma baki da wuri don hana faɗuwa.

Hausdorff JM, et al. (2005)

"Gait variability and fall risk in community-living older adults: a 1-year prospective study"

Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 2005;2:19

Ƙara bambancin tafiya (ƙididdigar bambanci a lokacin taki) yana annabta haɗarin faɗuwa. CV >3-4% a cikin tafiya na al'ada yana nuna ƙara haɗari.

Hausdorff JM (2009)

"Gait dynamics in Parkinson's disease: common and distinct behavior among stride length, gait variability, and fractal-like scaling"

Chaos 2009;19(2):026113

Bincike na fractal na salon tafiya a cikin cutar Parkinson yana nuna canje-canje a motsin taki da asarar rikitarwa a cikin yanayin jijiyoyi.

Moe-Nilssen R, Helbostad JL (2004)

"Estimation of gait cycle characteristics by trunk accelerometry"

Journal of Biomechanics 2004;37(1):121-126

Ya kafa amincin na'urorin accelerometer da ake haɗa a jikin jiki don bincike na tafiya, wanda ya zama tushe don binciken tafiya ta wayar hannu da agogon hannu.

Phinyomark A, et al. (2020)

"Fractal analysis of human gait variability via stride interval time series"

Frontiers in Physiology 2020;11:333

Bincike na hanyoyin bincike na fractal (DFA alpha) don ƙididdigar dangantaka mai nisa a cikin salon tafiya, da amfani don gano yanayin jijiyoyi.

Ralston HJ (1958)

"Energy-speed relation and optimal speed during level walking"

Internationale Zeitschrift für angewandte Physiologie 1958;17:277-283

Bincike na gargajiya ya kafa madaidaicin U na tattalin arzikin tafiya. Mafi kyawun saurin tafiya (ƙarancin farashin kuzari) yana faruwa a kusan 1.25 m/s (4.5 km/h) akan ƙasa mai daidaito.

Zarrugh MY, et al. (2000)

"Preferred Speed and Cost of Transport: The Effect of Incline"

Journal of Experimental Biology 2000;203:2195-2200

Farashin sufuri yana ƙaruwa sosai tare da matsayi. Matsayi na +5% yana ƙara farashin metabolism mai yawa; matsayi na ƙasa (-5 zuwa -10%) yana ƙara farashin birki na eccentric.

Lim HT, et al. (2018)

"A simple model to estimate metabolic cost of human walking across slopes and surfaces"

Scientific Reports 2018;8:5279

Tsarin inji na farashin kuzari na tafiya wanda ya haɗa matsayi da nau'in ƙasa, yana ba da damar annabta buƙatar metabolism a yanayi daban-daban.

Steudel-Numbers K, Tilkens MJ (2022)

"The effect of lower limb length on the energetic cost of locomotion: implications for fossil hominins"

eLife 2022;11:e81939

Bincike na dabarun kuzari/lokaci a cikin dabarun saurin tafiya a cikin saurin tafiya da matsayi daban-daban.

Apple Inc. (2021)

"Using Apple Watch to Estimate Cardio Fitness with VO₂ max"

Takardar farko ta fasaha da ke bayyana hanyar Apple Watch don kimanta VO₂max a lokacin tafiya a waje, gudu, da hawan dutse. Yana amfani da bugun zuciya, saurin GPS, da bayanan accelerometer tare da algorithms da aka tabbatar.

Apple Developer Documentation

"HKQuantityTypeIdentifier.vo2Max"

Takardun API na HealthKit na hukuma don samun bayanan VO₂max. Raka'a: mL/(kg·min). Apple Watch Series 3+ yana kimanta VO₂max a lokacin ayyukan motsa jiki a waje.

Apple Support

"About Cardio Fitness on Apple Watch"

Takaddun da suka dace da mai amfani da ke bayyana matakan lafiyar zuciya, yadda ake auna su, da yadda za a inganta su. Ya haɗa da matsakaicin matakan shekaru da jinsi.

Apple Developer Documentation

"HKCategoryTypeIdentifier.lowCardioFitnessEvent"

API don gano abubuwan da suka faru na ƙarancin lafiyar zuciya, yana ba da damar tsoma baki na lafiya sa'ad da VO₂max ya fadi ƙasa da matsakaicin shekaru/jinsi.

Apple Inc. (2022)

"Measuring Walking Quality Through iPhone Mobility Metrics"

Takardar farko ta fasaha da ke bayyana tabbatarwa na ma'aunin tafiya na tushen iPhone: saurin tafiya, tsawon mataki, kashi biyu na tallafi, rashin daidaituwa na tafiya. iPhone 8+ tare da iOS 14+ zai iya tattara waɗannan ma'auni ta atomatik lokacin da aka ɗauka a cikin aljihu/jaka.

Apple WWDC 2021

"Explore advanced features of HealthKit — Walking Steadiness"

Zaman fasaha da ke gabatar da ma'aunin Walking Steadiness: ma'auni mai haɗa daidaito, kwanciyar hankali, da haɗin kai wanda aka samo daga sigogin tafiya. Yana ba da rarrabuwar haɗarin faɗuwa (OK, Low, Very Low).

Apple Newsroom (2021)

"Apple advances personal health by introducing secure sharing and new insights"

Sanarwar fasalin Walking Steadiness a cikin iOS 15, yana ba da damar gano haɗarin faɗuwa da shawarwarin tsoma baki ga masu amfani da ke cikin haɗari.

Moon S, et al. (2023)

"Accuracy of the Apple Health app for measuring gait speed: Observational study"

JMIR Formative Research 2023;7:e44206

Bincike na tabbatarwa yana nuna cewa ma'aunin saurin tafiya na iPhone Health app suna haɗuwa da kyau tare da ƙididdiga na ƙimar bincike (r=0.86-0.91), yana tallafawa amfani na asibiti.

Android Developer Documentation

"Health Connect data types and data units"

Takaddun hukuma don nau'ikan bayanan Health Connect gami da StepsRecord, StepsCadenceRecord, SpeedRecord, DistanceRecord, HeartRateRecord, Vo2MaxRecord. API na daidaitacce don haɗin bayanan lafiya na Android.

Google Fit Documentation

"Step count cadence data type"

Takaddun API na Google Fit don bayanan cadence na mataki (matakai a kowace minti), yana ba da damar sa ido kan ayyuka na tushen ƙarfi akan na'urorin Android.

Google Fit Documentation

"Read daily step total"

Koyarwa don samun jimlar matakai na yau da kullun daga Google Fit API, gami da bayanai daga tushe da yawa (na'urorin wayar hannu, na'urorin da ake sawa).

Android Developer Guide

"Health Connect overview"

Bayyani na dandamali na Health Connect, ma'ajiyar bayanan lafiya na Google don Android, yana ba da damar raba bayanan apps tare da izinin mai amfani.

Zandbergen PA, Barbeau SJ (2011)

"Positional Accuracy of Assisted GPS Data from High-Sensitivity GPS-enabled Mobile Phones"

PLOS ONE 2011;6(7):e24727

Bincike na tabbatarwa na daidaiton GPS na wayar hannu a cikin mazaunan birane. Matsakaicin kuskure 5-8m a cikin wurare masu buɗewa, yana ƙaruwa zuwa 10-20m a cikin ƙwararrun birane. Ya kafa tushen ga tsammanin daidaiton GPS na mabukaci.

Wu X, et al. (2025)

"Sidewalk-level pedestrian map matching using smartphone GNSS data"

Satellite Navigation 2025;6:3

Sabon algorithm na map matching na musamman don hanyar tafiya na masu tafiya, yana inganta daidaito a cikin mazaunan birane inda daidaitawa na hanyoyin motoci na al'ada ya gaza.

Jiang C, et al. (2020)

"Accurate and Direct GNSS/PDR Integration Using Extended Kalman Filter for Pedestrian Smartphone Navigation"

Aiwatar da fasaha na haɗuwar GNSS/IMU sensor ta amfani da Extended Kalman Filter, yana ba da damar ci gaba da sanya matsayi lokacin da alamar GPS ta ɓace (ramuka, canje-canjen ciki).

Zhang G, et al. (2019)

"Hybrid Map Matching Algorithm Based on Smartphone and Low-Cost OBD in Urban Canyons"

Remote Sensing 2019;11(18):2174

Tsarin haɗuwa na hybrid na haɗa GNSS tare da na'urorin inertial don ingantacciyar daidaito a cikin mazaunan birane masu ƙalubale (manyan gine-gine, rufin bishiya).

American Thoracic Society (2002)

"ATS Statement: Guidelines for the Six-Minute Walk Test"

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2002;166:111-117

Tsarin daidaitacce na hukuma don Gwajin Tafiya na Minti Shida (6MWT), gwajin asibiti da aka yada don tantance ƙarfin motsa jiki. Ya haɗa da jagororin gudanarwa, ƙimar al'ada, da fassarar.

Podsiadlo D, Richardson S (1991)

"The Timed 'Up & Go': A Test of Basic Functional Mobility for Frail Elderly Persons"

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 1991;39(2):142-148

Bayanin asali na gwajin Timed Up and Go (TUG), gwajin daidaitacce na tantance motsi da haɗarin faɗuwa a cikin manyan mutane. Lokaci >14 seconds yana nuna babban haɗarin faɗuwa.

Ainsworth BE, et al. (2011)

"2011 Compendium of Physical Activities: A Second Update of Codes and MET Values"

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 2011;43(8):1575-1581

Bayanin cikakku na jerin ƙimar MET don ayyuka 800+. Ƙimar musamman na tafiya: 2.0 METs (tafiya a hankali sosai, <2 mph), 3.0 METs (matsakaici, 2.5-3 mph), 3.5 METs (sauri, 3.5 mph), 5.0 METs (sauri sosai, 4.5 mph).

Ainsworth BE, et al. (2024)

"The 2024 Adult Compendium of Physical Activities: An Update of Activity Codes and MET Values"

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024 (online ahead of print)

Sabon sabuntawa ga Compendium, yana haɗa sabbin ayyuka da sabuntattun ƙimar MET bisa sabon bincike. Ma'auni mai mahimmanci don ƙididdigar kashe kuzari.

Fukuchi RK, et al. (2019)

"Effects of walking speed on gait biomechanics in healthy participants: a systematic review and meta-analysis"

Systematic Reviews 2019;8:153

Cikakken meta-analysis na tasirin saurin tafiya akan sigogin lokaci da wuri, kinematics, da kinetics. Girman tasiri na matsakaici zuwa babba suna nuna cewa sauri yana canza ainihin ilimin motsin tafiya.

Mirelman A, et al. (2022)

"Present and future of gait assessment in clinical practice: Towards the application of novel trends and technologies"

Frontiers in Medical Technology 2022;4:901331

Bincike na aikace-aikacen fasaha na na'urorin da ake sawa da AI don bincike na tafiya na asibiti, gami da sigogin lokaci da wuri, kinematics, da ma'auni na asibiti (UPDRS, SARA, Dynamic Gait Index).

Mann RA, et al. (1986)

"Comparative electromyography of the lower extremity in jogging, running, and sprinting"

American Journal of Sports Medicine 1986;14(6):501-510

Bincike na gargajiya na EMG da ke bambanta tafiya da gudu. Tafiya tana da 62% lokacin tallafi vs 31% a cikin gudu; salon kunna tsoka daban-daban suna nuna ilimin motsi daban-daban.

Straczkiewicz M, et al. (2023)

"A 'one-size-fits-most' walking recognition method for smartphones, smartwatches, and wearable accelerometers"

npj Digital Medicine 2023;6:29

Algorithm na gane tafiya na duniya yana samun 0.92-0.97 ƙarfin gano a cikin nau'ikan na'urori da wuraren jiki daban-daban. An tabbatar da shi tare da datasets 20 na jama'a, yana ba da damar bin diddigin ayyuka a tsayuwa a tsare-tsare daban-daban.

Porciuncula F, et al. (2024)

"Wearable Sensors in Other Medical Domains with Application Potential for Orthopedic Trauma Surgery"

Sensors 2024;24(11):3454

Bincike na aikace-aikacen na'urorin da ake sawa don auna saurin tafiya na ainihi, ƙidayar matakai, ƙarfin halayen ƙasa, da kewayon motsi ta amfani da accelerometers, gyroscopes, da magnetometers.

Ungvari Z, et al. (2023)

"The multifaceted benefits of walking for healthy aging: from Blue Zones to molecular mechanisms"

GeroScience 2023;45:3211–3239

Bincike mai zurfi yana nuna tafiya na minti 30/rana × kwanaki 5 yana rage haɗarin cututtuka. Tasirin hana tsufa akan zagayowar jini, zuciya da huhu, da aikin tsarin rigakafi. Yana rage haɗarin cututtukan zuciya, ciwon sukari, da raguwar ƙwaƙwalwa.

Karstoft K, et al. (2024)

"The health benefits of Interval Walking Training"

Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2024;49(1):1-15

Bincike na Interval Walking Training (IWT) yana canza tafiya mai sauri da jinkirin. Yana inganta lafiyar jiki, ƙarfin tsoka, da sarrafa sukari a cikin ciwon sukari nau'i na 2 fiye da tafiya mai ci gaba da matsakaici.

Morris JN, Hardman AE (1997)

"Walking to health"

Sports Medicine 1997;23(5):306-332

Bincike na gargajiya yana kafa cewa tafiya a >70% mafi girman bugun zuciya yana haɓaka lafiyar zuciya. Yana inganta metabolism na HDL da glucose/insulin dynamics. Tushen tafiya a matsayin tsoma baki na lafiya.